Kangra is a district located in the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh, situated in the northern part of India. It is known for its scenic beauty, rich cultural heritage, and historical significance. Here is an overview of the geography of Kangra:
1. Location and Boundaries
Latitude & Longitude: Kangra lies at approximately 32.03° N latitude and 76.79° E longitude.
District Borders: It is bordered by the districts of Chamba to the north, Mandi to the east, and Hamirpur to the south. To the west, it shares an international border with Pakistan-administered Kashmir.
2. Topography
Mountains and Hills: Kangra lies in the lower Himalayan range, with the Dhauladhar range in the north and the Shivalik hills in the south. The Dhauladhar range, with its snow-covered peaks, forms a prominent part of the district's landscape.
Rivers: The main rivers flowing through the region include the Beas River, which passes through the central part of the district, and the Banganga and Swan Rivers. The Beas River is particularly important for irrigation and hydropower in the region.
Valleys: Kangra is known for its deep valleys, with the Kangra Valley being the most famous. The valley is rich in flora and fauna and is known for its terraced fields and scenic beauty.
3. Climate
Subtropical to Temperate Climate: The climate of Kangra varies with elevation. The lower regions of the district experience a subtropical climate with hot summers and mild winters. The higher altitudes experience a temperate climate with cooler summers and heavy snowfall in the winter months.
Average Temperature:
Summers: 25°C to 40°C (77°F to 104°F)
Winters: 5°C to 15°C (41°F to 59°F), with temperatures dropping below freezing at higher altitudes.
Rainfall: The region experiences moderate to heavy rainfall, particularly during the monsoon season (June to September). The rainfall is mainly due to the southwest monsoon.
4. Flora and Fauna
The district is rich in biodiversity due to its varied topography and climate.
Flora: The district has a mix of tropical, subtropical, and temperate vegetation. In the lower areas, you can find species like pine, oak, and deodar, while the higher altitudes are home to alpine plants.
Fauna: Kangra is also home to diverse wildlife, including species like leopards, deer, wild boar, monkeys, and various bird species. The district has several wildlife sanctuaries, such as the Kangra Valley Wildlife Sanctuary and Haripur Dhar Wildlife Sanctuary.
5. Key Geographical Features
Dhauladhar Range: This mountain range forms the northern boundary of the district. It has some of the highest peaks in Himachal Pradesh, including Indrahar Pass and Hanuman Ka Tiba.
Kangra Valley: A wide valley formed by the Beas River, this area is known for its agricultural lands and picturesque landscapes, with terraced fields and tea gardens.
Palampur: Situated at the foothills of the Dhauladhar Range, Palampur is a popular hill station known for its tea gardens, paddy fields, and breathtaking views of the Dhauladhar peaks.
6. Towns and Cities
Dharamshala: The district's administrative headquarters, located at an altitude of about 1,457 meters (4,780 feet). Dharamshala is a major tourist destination and the residence of the Dalai Lama.
Kangra: A historic town located on the banks of the Beas River, it is known for its ancient temples, including the famous Kangra Devi Temple.
Palampur: Known for its tea gardens and as a gateway to the Dhauladhar Range.
7. Agriculture and Economy
Kangra's economy is primarily based on agriculture, with crops like rice, wheat, maize, and barley being widely cultivated in the valley. The region is also known for its tea cultivation, especially in areas like Palampur.
The district is also known for its handicrafts, including woolen shawls and carpets.
Kangra is a blend of natural beauty, rich cultural heritage, and historical significance, m
aking it one of the most important districts in Himachal Pradesh.
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