Medical Science

1. Germ Theory of Disease - Louis Pasteur (1857)


2. Smallpox Eradication - WHO, Edward Jenner's foundation (1979)


3. Antibiotics (Streptomycin) - Selman Waksman (1943)


4. Pacemaker - Wilson Greatbatch (1958)


5. MRI Machine - Paul Lauterbur and Peter Mansfield (1970s)


6. Anesthesia - Crawford Long (1842)


7. Polio Vaccine - Jonas Salk (1955)


8. Organ Transplantation (First Successful Kidney Transplant) - Joseph Murray (1954)


This comprehensive list should help

 in preparing for competitive exams that emphasize general science and technological achievements. Let me know if you need additional details on any specific invention or discovery!