✅Establishment: Created by the Rome Statute in 1998; began operations in 2003.
✅Headquarters: Located in The Hague, Netherlands.
✅Purpose: Prosecutes individuals for genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity, and crimes of aggression.
✅Membership: 123 countries recognize ICC authority; key non-members include the US, China, Russia, and India.
📍Structure:
✅Judges: 18 judges elected for non-renewable nine-year terms.
✅Presidency: Comprises a President and two Vice-Presidents.
✅Registry: Manages administrative and operational support.
📍Jurisdiction:
✅Covers crimes committed in member states or by nationals of member states.
✅Operates only when national courts are unable or unwilling to act.
✅Jurisdiction applies only to crimes committed after July 1, 2002.
📍Relationship with UN:
✅Not a UN body but cooperates through agreements.
✅The UN Security Council can refer cases to the ICC if outside its jurisdiction
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